Further, attentional bias was reduced in both groups after therapy, independent of treatment condition. Dean A.C. et al. ABSTRACT Aims Attentional bias for drug‐related cues has been associated with drug maintenance and relapse. In addiction, a hyper-attentive state may develop towards drug-related cues, characterised as an attention bias to such cues. Keywords: addiction, drug, Stroop test, attentional bias Iran has the highest number of narcotics abusers in the world per capita (2.8% of the population; United Nations, 2005) and regardless of the governmental efforts, drug abuse is still increasing among the population, particularly the young (Sarami & Ghomashchi, 2003). A consistent feature of addiction is the attentional bias for drug-related stimuli (eg, drug paraphernalia). Conclusions Attentional bias may tap an important component of drug dependence as it is a predictor of opiate relapse. In this article, we discuss techniques that have been developed to help people overcome their attentional bias for alcohol, smoking-related stimuli, drugs, or unhealthy food. As drug seeking, drug procurement, and drug use rise to the top of one’s motivational priorities, one develops attentional bias toward words, symbols, and images linked to these substances. 12, No. did not find a relationship between attentional bias and drug use history in cocaine-dependent subjects. A common type of Attentional Bias is one in which two conditions can be present (see the example below), meaning there are four possible outcomes. Journal of Neurotherapy: Vol. Read "Attentional bias training and cue reactivity in cigarette smokers, Addiction" on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. The performance of drug users on the Stroop task and visual dot-probe task has been interpreted as demonstrating attentional bias toward drug cues specific to an individual’s drug use history. Int J High Risk Behav Addict. At baseline, the sample did not exhibit a significant attentional bias toward smoking cues, t(48) = 0.46, not significant (ns). They reported that bias retraining did not result in a reduction in attentional biases and that there was no impact of bias retraining on cravings. No significant correlation between attentional bias and drug use behaviors (total years, days in past 30 days and age to start cocaine use) was observed in cocaine-dependent subjects. As predicted by numerous theoretical models, drug abusers have an attentional bias for drug-related pictures and words. Request PDF | On Jan 1, 2010, Matt Field and others published Attentional Bias to Drug Cues | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate. “Researchers have found that people who have eating disorders tend to pay more attention to stimuli related to food, while individuals experiencing drug addictions tend to be hyper-sensitive to drug-related cues. Attentional bias scores are presented in Table 1. However, CET does not specifically reduce attentional bias. Objectives: The purpose of this article is to critically evaluate the following claims derived from contemporary theoretical models of attentional bias (AB) for food- and drug-related stimuli: (a) AB is a characteristic feature of obesity and addiction, (b) AB predicts future behavior, (c) AB exerts a causal influence on consummatory behavior, and (d) AB reflects appetitive motivational processes. Geeky Definition of Attentional Bias: Attentional Bias causes people not to examine all possible outcomes when making judgements.In other words, their attention is on just one or two of the possible outcomes. This impacts not only the things that we perceive in the environment but the decisions that we make based upon our perceptions. Measurement. The noradrenaline system has been critically implicated in both attentional and response inhibitory processes and is directly affected by drugs such as cocaine. 205-225. doi: 10.1080/10874200802502185 When you are trying to make an important decision, do you always consider all of the possibilities? Drug dependence produces an attentional bias for the drug in question, causing addicted individuals to fixate on stimuli related to the substance in question. Attentional Bias to Drug- and Stress-Related Pictorial Cues in Cocaine Addiction Comorbid with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Journal of Neurotherapy: Vol. Objectives: The purpose of this article is to critically evaluate the following claims derived from contemporary theoretical models of attentional bias (AB) for food-and drug-related stimuli: (a) AB is a characteristic feature of obesity and addiction, (b) AB predicts future behavior, (c) AB exerts a causal influence on consummatory behavior, and (d) AB reflects appetitive motivational processes. (2019) examined attentional bias modification amongst 42 methamphetamine-dependent clients who were receiving residential treatment for their drug use. Background and Aims Cognitive bias modification (CBM) interventions, presumably targeting automatic processes, are considered particularly promising for addictions. Journal Comparing attentional bias to smoking cues in current smokers, former smokers, and non-smokers using a dot-probe task. Attentional biases also develop for stimuli that have been paired with nondrug rewards in adults without a history of addiction, the magnitude of which is predicted by visual working-memory capacity and impulsiveness. For people with substance use disorder, exposure to drugs or things that remind them of drugs can trigger drug craving, which can sabotage efforts to stop using. A greater understanding of the mechanisms directing of attention towards salient stimuli, termed attentional bias, may help elucidate the mechanisms involved in the motivation smoke, and the motivation to drink in problem drinkers. The attentional bias involves the tendency to pay attention to some things while simultaneously ignoring others. Perceptual preferences for drug-linked stimuli are an essential element within the neurobiology of addiction. This study provides a systematic review of the effectiveness of ABM interventions in decreasing symptoms of addictive behaviour, taking baseline levels of attentional bias and changes in attentional bias into account. Attentional Bias for Nondrug Reward Is Magnified in Addiction Brian A. Anderson, Monica L. Faulkner, Jessica J. Rilee, Steven Yantis, and Cherie L. Marvel Johns Hopkins University Attentional biases for drug-related stimuli play a prominent role in addiction, predicting treatment outcomes. Because drug stimuli produce conditioned responses that may motivate drug taking, biased attention toward these cues may play an important role in drug use and relapse following treatment. (2008). What Exactly Is an Attentional Bias? The most commonly used task is a modified version of the classic “Stroop” task. Drug and Alcohol Dependence , 67(2), pp.185-191. We conducted a meta-analysis examining randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of CBM for substance addiction outcomes. 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